Experts in water quality analysis for over 25 years

In October 2004, the Washington Post ran an article describing how different cities were manipulating test results so that lead levels appeared to be within federal limits. This article prompted the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to investigate lead sampling practices and to develop a drinking water lead reduction plan. Why are lead and copper regulated? Lead is a toxic metal that causes health problems, even at low levels. In infants and children, exposure to lead can adversely impact their physical and mental development and cause learning disabilities. In adults, exposure to lead over many years can cause kidney and nervous system problems and high blood pressure. Lead is usually not present in water sources, but enters drinking water through corrosion of pipes and plumbing materials and from lead service lines. Before 1986, homes had copper pipes and solder containing lead. The most common problem is with brass or chrome-plated brass faucets and fixtures, which can leach significant amounts of lead into the water. Like lead, copper is not usually found in water but leaches out of other materials. Ingesting copper can cause vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, and nausea. The seriousness of these effects increases with increased copper levels.

With thanks to West Virginia University